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VHF Propagation identification
determined by Min/Max distances (V3.0) |
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Distance |
Less than
110km |
110-400km |
400-800km |
800-2350km |
2350-4700km |
4700-8000km |
Over
8000km |
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Propagation type |
Line of Sight (LOS) |
Tropo Scatter (TRS) |
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Tropo Ducting (TRD) |
TRD + Es |
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Aurora (AU) |
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Aircraft Scatter (AS) |
Sporadic-Es (ES) |
Sporadic-Es (ES) x2 hops |
Sporadic-Es (ES)x3 hops |
Sporadic-Es + TEP |
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Meteor Scatter (MS) |
Trans Equatorial Propagation (TEP) |
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F2 Layer reflection (F2) |
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Required conditions or assists with ID |
True Line of Sight is up to 50km, but can be
extended by height i.e. elevation ASL or by refraction (LOS) |
Stable High Air Pressure, as often seen with fog
(TRD) |
Raspy distorted tone & audio distortion (AU) |
April to September with peak in June, small opening
in December possible near Equinox (ES) |
Sea path required for longest rare distances (TRD) |
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Often misidentified as ES alone on DXcluster, which
is impossible. Main distance component is TEP and both stations need to be on
opposite sides of Magnetic Equator |
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Typically around 4 minutes duration (AS) |
Mostly short duration pings of seconds or shorter,
but can be minutes (MS) |
Stations need to be either side of Magnetic Equator
(TEP) |
Favours Autumn to Spring months during Solar Cycle
Peaks, approx every 11 years |
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